Section 06’s Data Blog

Hypothesis: Cys is needed for the primary color of flowers but not the secondary color of flowers.

Experiment: Looked at the amino acid sequence of the following colors; white, blue, yellow, red. All needed cys to be their particular colors. I could not make these colors without it. But in the case of green, purple, and orange, no cys is needed to make those particular colors. 

Result:  but

Conclusion: My hypothesis is correct, cys is needed to make primary colors but not secondary colors.

Hypothesis: If we add more Val to the original amino acid sequence of blue, then the color won’t change, but if we take away Val to the original amino acid sequence of blue, then the pigment disappears.

Experiment: We made one protein that lacked a the first Val in the amnio acid sequence of blue. Then, we made another protein that we added another Val in the amino acid sequence of blue.

Results: When we took away Val from the original amino acid sequence of blue, the protein had no pigment. Then when we added more Val to the original amino acid sequence of blue, then we still got blue.

Conclusion: Once again we are accurate!

Hypothesis: Because blue (encoded in Tyr) and red (encoded in Phe) make purple, you can combine these two Amino Acids to make a purple protein.

original red

created blue

Experiment: We combined the AA sequence of the original red with the AA sequence of the blue in one AA sequence to make a purple protein.

combination of the red and blue AA sequences wrapped up in one sequence

Conclusion: We took the sequence Met Ser Ans Arg His Ile Leu Leu Val Val Cys Arg Gln from Red and the sequence Met Ser Ans Arg His Ile Leu Leu Val Tyr Cys Arg Gln from blue and combined then in one sequence Met Ser Asn Arg His Ile Leu Leu Val Tyr Phe Arg Gln to create a PURPLE protein!

Hypothesis

In order to change green into other colors, you only need to change two amino acids…. Tyr and Trp

Experiment

We changed green to blue, by changing only Trp to cys

Now that Trp is Cys, you only need to change Tyr to make different colors.

We changed Tyr to Trp and got yellow

We changed Trp to Phe and got red

Result

We were able to change green into blue, yellow, red, white

Conclusion

After the Trp is changed to Cys, any color can be made.  It is only a matter of mixing colors at that point.  Tyr encodes for blue, Trp encodes for yelow, Phe encodes for red, and val encodes for white.  

At this point you only need to change the one amino acid that encodes for a color.  To make different colors, you can just use a different amino acid.  

If you want to make a new color, you can just put two different ones together.  Green is Tyr, Trp because those are the two amino acids that encode for blue and yellow, which are the colors that make green.

If you take off both VALs…..you will not have pigment on the protein at all.

Picture of both VALs removed.  No pigment result.  

Hypothesis: If you have a molecule with 7 hydrophobic proteins and 6 hydrophilic proteins and you change the molecule to include 8 hydrophobic proteins with 5 hydrophilic proteins instead, the structure would stay the same, but the color changes.

Experiment: We changed one of the hydrophilic protein(Thr) to a hydrophobic protien(Cys). 

Results: The color changes from orange to white when one hydrophilic amino acid, Threonine(Thr) is replaced with one hydrophobic amino acid, Cystine(Cys). 

Conclusion: Therefore, our hypothesis was correct!

Hypothesis: The removal of a single amino acid within the sequence removes the pigment. 

Experiment: 

(1) Removed TYR from Green 1. 

(2) Removed TRP from Green 1. 

(3) Removed VAL from Green 1. 

(4) Removed VAL from Red.

(5) Removed PHE from Red. 

(6) Removed TYR from Green 2. (1st allele)

(7) Removed VAL from Green 2. (2nd allele)

Results:

In each case, the removal of a single amino acid within the sequence presented us with an elimination of pigment. 

Conclusion: 

The data supports our hypothesis thus making it accurate.

hypothesis:  1 gene can change the color of a protein  i.e) Changing Tyr to Trp changes the color

result : 1 gene does change the final color if altered however  the protein has to be the same shape or it will become white Tyr was found on the 10th amino acid in a blue flower and Trp was found on the 10th amino acid in a yellow flower. One amino acid was changed and it gives you a different color.

Hypothesis

From the original white sequence, if you change val to tyr, and cys to trp, the protein will be green

Experiment

We changed val to tyr and cys to trp

Result

The protein was green

Conclusion

The hypothesis is correct.  Changing those amino acids will make a green protein.  In order to find out how to change green into other colors check the other blogs

Hypothesis: Because each Amino Acid sequence is the same up until valine, if we change the Phe from Red to Gly (or any other AA) the  will change to white.

Conclusion: The part of the sequence that controls color is the amino acid found directly after valine. Changing the Phe to Gly makes the protein white. To get back to the color red, we would replace Gly with Phe again.